Flounder in Virginia

Flounder are a popular saltwater species found in the waters of Virginia. These flatfish are known for their unique appearance, with both eyes on one side of their body. Flounder are highly prized by anglers for their delicate white flesh and mild flavor.

In Virginia, flounder can be found in a variety of habitats, including sandy bottoms, oyster beds, and around structures such as docks and piers. They are commonly caught in coastal bays, estuaries, and nearshore waters.

Flounder are opportunistic feeders, preying on small fish, shrimp, and other crustaceans. Anglers targeting flounder often use live bait such as minnows, shrimp, or squid, as well as artificial lures like jigs and soft plastics.

When fishing for flounder, it is important to use light tackle and to pay close attention to subtle bites, as these fish are known for their gentle strikes. Anglers should also be mindful of regulations regarding flounder size and catch limits to ensure the sustainability of the fishery.

Overall, flounder fishing in Virginia offers anglers a rewarding and enjoyable experience, with the chance to catch a delicious and prized saltwater species.

  Below is an outline of the species of flounder found in Virginia's waters.

## Species of Flounder in Virginia's Waters

### 1. Summer Flounder (Paralichthys dentatus)

#### A. Habitat

   - Summer flounder are typically found in estuarine and coastal waters. They prefer sandy, muddy, or rocky bottoms where they can easily camouflage.

   

#### B. Diet

   - Their diet consists mainly of small fish, shrimp, and other invertebrates.

   

#### C. Where Found in Virginia

   - They are commonly found in the Chesapeake Bay, its tributaries, and along the Atlantic coastline.

#### D. Best Time of the Year to Catch

   - The best time to catch summer flounder is from late spring through early fall, with peak fishing occurring from May to September.

### 2. Southern Flounder (Paralichthys lethostigma)

#### A. Habitat

   - Southern flounder are usually found in estuaries and coastal areas, preferring muddy or sandy bottoms near seagrass beds and marsh edges.

   

#### B. Diet

   - Their diet includes a variety of small fish, crabs, and shrimp.

   

#### C. Where Found in Virginia

   - They can be found in the southern parts of the Chesapeake Bay and along the coast, particularly in the waters near Virginia Beach and the Eastern Shore.

#### D. Best Time of the Year to Catch

   - The best time to catch southern flounder is from late summer to early fall, typically from August to October.

### 3. Winter Flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus)

#### A. Habitat

   - Winter flounder prefer colder waters and are found in shallow bays, estuaries, and coastal waters with sandy or muddy bottoms.

   

#### B. Diet

   - Their diet consists mainly of polychaetes, small crustaceans, and other benthic invertebrates.

   

#### C. Where Found in Virginia

   - They are less common in Virginia compared to the other flounder species but can sometimes be found in the Chesapeake Bay's deeper, cooler waters during winter months.

#### D. Best Time of the Year to Catch

   - The best time to catch winter flounder is during the colder months, from late fall through early spring, peaking in January and February.

### 4. Gulf Flounder (Paralichthys albigutta)

#### A. Habitat

   - Gulf flounder are typically found in coastal waters and estuaries, favoring sandy or muddy bottoms near seagrass beds and reef structures.

   

#### B. Diet

   - Their diet includes small fish, shrimp, and various crustaceans.

   

#### C. Where Found in Virginia

   - While more common to the south, Gulf flounder may occasionally be found in the southern Chesapeake Bay and coastal waters of Virginia.

#### D. Best Time of the Year to Catch

   - The best time to catch Gulf flounder in Virginia is from late spring to early fall, with peak activity in the summer months.

By understanding the habitats, diets, and optimal fishing seasons for these flounder species, anglers can better target their efforts to successfully catch these fish in Virginia's waters.

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Sharks, Rays, and Skates of Virginia's Waters

Sharks, Rays, and Skates of Virginia's Waters

Introduction

Virginia's coastal waters are home to 12 species of sharks, 10 species of rays, and 13 species of skates, boasting one of the most diverse aquatic ecosystems on the East Coast. These fascinating creatures play vital ecological roles, from regulating prey populations to maintaining marine balance.

Sharks

 Sand tiger shark: A bottom-dwelling predator with distinctively banded teeth.

 Scalloped hammerhead shark: Easily recognizable for its unique head shape, this shark is a migratory species.

 Smooth dogfish: A small, common shark found in shallow waters.

 Spiny dogfish: Another small shark with a spiny dorsal fin.

 Dusky shark: A large, coastal shark known for its aggressive behavior.

 Sandbar shark: A coastal species that congregates in shallow waters.

 Tiger shark: A large, aggressive apex predator that preys on a variety of marine animals.

 Atlantic sharpnose shark: A small, coastal shark with a pointed snout.

 Finetooth shark: A deep-dwelling shark with a slender body.

 Dusky smoothhound shark: A small, coastal shark with a black back.

 Atlantic angel shark: A bottom-dwelling shark with a flattened body and wing-like pectoral fins.

 Little skate: A small, oval-shaped skate with four spines on its tail.

Rays

 Southern stingray: A common ray with a barbed tail that can cause severe injuries.

 Atlantic stingray: A large ray with a whip-like tail that is not barbed.

 Cownose ray: A large, migratory ray with a broad, rounded snout.

 Leopard ray: A spotted ray with a slender tail.

 Spotted eagle ray: A large, migratory ray with a distinctive spotted pattern.

 Bullnose ray: A small, bottom-dwelling ray with a blunt snout.

 Yellow stingray: A small, coastal ray with a bright yellow underside.

 Sharpnose stingray: A coastal ray with a slender, pointed snout.

 Clearnose skate: A small, bottom-dwelling skate with a transparent snout.

 Winter skate: A large, coastal skate with a pointed snout and spiny dorsal fins.

Skates

 Barndoor skate: A large, bottom-dwelling skate with a broad, flat body.

 Smooth skate: A small, bottom-dwelling skate with a smooth, oval-shaped body.

 Thorny skate: A small, bottom-dwelling skate with a spiny tail.

 Rosette skate: A small, bottom-dwelling skate with a distinctive rosette pattern on its back.

 Starry skate: A small, bottom-dwelling skate with a star-shaped pattern on its back.

 Bigeye skate: A large, bottom-dwelling skate with large, protruding eyes.

 Smoothback skate: A small, bottom-dwelling skate with a smooth, dark back.

 Sandpaper skate: A small, bottom-dwelling skate with rough, sandpaper-like skin.

 Little skate: A small, oval-shaped skate with four spines on its tail.

 Winter skate: A large, coastal skate with a pointed snout and spiny dorsal fins.

 Prickly skate: A small, bottom-dwelling skate with a pointed snout and spiny dorsal fins.

 Smooth skate: A small, bottom-dwelling skate with a smooth, oval-shaped body.

 Thorny skate: A small, bottom-dwelling skate with a spiny tail.

Ecological Importance

Sharks, rays, and skates play crucial roles in the marine ecosystem. Top predators like sharks help control prey populations and regulate the flow of energy through the food web. Rays and skates are bottom-feeders that consume invertebrates, helping to keep populations of these creatures in check.

Additionally, these animals serve as important food sources for larger predators, such as dolphins, sea turtles, and larger fish. Their presence indicates a healthy and balanced marine environment.

Conclusion

Virginia's waters are rich in shark, ray, and skate diversity, with each species contributing to the intricate web of life in this vibrant coastal ecosystem. These fascinating creatures not only captivate our imagination but also play vital ecological roles, underscoring the importance of preserving their habitats and ensuring their continued presence in our marine environment.

Black Bear in Virginia

Black Bears in Virginia

  Black bears are the largest land mammals in Virginia and are an important part of the state's wildlife.

 

- Description:

  - Black bears are large mammals with a stocky build and a coat of black fur.

  - They have a distinctive shoulder hump and a straight face profile.

  - Adult males can weigh between 150 to 500 pounds, while females are generally smaller, weighing between 100 to 300 pounds.

- Habitat:

  - Black bears in Virginia can be found in various habitats, including forests, swamps, and mountainous regions.

  - They prefer areas with dense vegetation and ample food sources, such as berries, nuts, and insects.

  - The state's diverse landscape provides suitable habitats for black bears to thrive.

- Diet:

  - Black bears are omnivorous and have a varied diet.

  - They primarily feed on plant material, including berries, nuts, grasses, and leaves.

  - Additionally, they consume insects, small mammals, and occasionally carrion.

  - Black bears are opportunistic feeders and adapt their diet based on seasonal availability.

- Hibernation:

  - During winter, black bears in Virginia enter a state of hibernation.

  - Hibernation allows them to conserve energy when food sources are scarce.

  - They typically hibernate in dens, which can be found in tree cavities, rock crevices, or underground.

  - Hibernation can last for several months, during which their metabolic rate decreases, and they do not eat or drink.

- Best Areas to Hunt Black Bears:

  - Virginia offers excellent opportunities for bear hunting.

  - The western part of the state, including the Appalachian Mountains, provides prime bear hunting grounds.

  - National forests, such as George Washington and Jefferson National Forests, are popular areas for bear hunting.

  - It is essential to research specific hunting areas and consult with local wildlife agencies for the most up-to-date information.

- Special Regulations about Hunting Black Bears:

  - Virginia has specific regulations and seasons for hunting black bears.

  - Hunters must possess a valid hunting license and a bear hunting permit.

  - The state sets limits on the number of bears that can be harvested each season.

  - It is crucial to follow all hunting regulations and guidelines to ensure sustainable bear populations and conservation efforts.

Black bears are a significant part of Virginia's wildlife, and understanding their characteristics, habitat, diet, hibernation, and hunting regulations is essential for both enthusiasts and conservationists. By respecting the regulations and hunting responsibly, individuals can enjoy the thrill of bear hunting while contributing to the preservation of these magnificent creatures.

Cobia Fishing in Virginia: A Cheat Sheet for Success

.

I. Habitat of the Cobia in Virginia

A. Where Cobia are Commonly Found

Cobia are commonly found in the coastal waters of Virginia, particularly in the Chesapeake Bay and along the Atlantic coast. They prefer warm waters and are often found near structures such as wrecks, buoys, and piers.

B. Tips for Locating Cobia

To locate Cobia, anglers should look for areas with clear water and good visibility. They tend to swim near the surface, so spotting them from a boat is possible. Additionally, paying attention to bird activity and baitfish schools can indicate the presence of Cobia.

II. Diet of the Cobia in Virginia

A. What Cobia Eat

Cobia are opportunistic predators and have a varied diet. They primarily feed on small fish such as menhaden, mullet, and eels. They also consume crustaceans, squid, and other marine invertebrates.

B. Best Baits and Lures for Cobia

When targeting Cobia, anglers can use live bait such as eels, menhaden, or mullet. Artificial lures such as bucktail jigs, swimbaits, and topwater plugs can also be effective. The choice of bait or lure depends on the angler's preference and the fishing conditions.

III. Best Place to Catch Cobia in Virginia

A. Popular Fishing Spots

Some popular fishing spots for Cobia in Virginia include the Chesapeake Bay Bridge-Tunnel, the CBBT islands, the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay, and the coastal waters near Virginia Beach. These areas provide ample opportunities for anglers to target Cobia.

B. Tips for Finding Good Cobia Spots

To find good Cobia spots, anglers should look for areas with structure, such as wrecks, buoys, and jetties. They should also pay attention to water temperature and clarity, as Cobia prefer warmer waters with good visibility.

IV. Best Months to Catch Cobia in Virginia

A. Seasonal Patterns of Cobia

Cobia migrate along the Virginia coast during the warmer months, typically from May to October. They arrive in Virginia waters in late spring and early summer and move southward as the water cools in the fall.

B. Tips for Timing Your Trip

The best time to catch Cobia in Virginia is during the peak migration months of June, July, and August. Anglers should plan their trips accordingly and monitor water temperatures to determine when Cobia are most likely to be present.

V. Equipment Needed to Catch a Cobia in Virginia

A. Rods and Reels

For Cobia fishing, anglers should use medium to heavy spinning or conventional rods and reels. These should have enough strength to handle the size and power of Cobia.

B. Lines and Leaders

A strong and durable fishing line with a test strength of at least 30 pounds is recommended. Fluorocarbon leaders with a test strength of 60 to 80 pounds are also necessary to prevent the Cobia from breaking the line.

C. Hooks and Weights

Circle hooks in sizes 6/0 to 8/0 are commonly used for Cobia fishing. The weight of the sinker or jig head depends on the depth and current conditions of the fishing spot.

D. Other Essential Gear

Other essential gear includes a landing net, a gaff, a cooler with ice to preserve the catch, sunscreen, polarized sunglasses, and appropriate clothing for sun protection.

VI. Techniques for Catching Cobia in Virginia

A. Trolling Techniques

Trolling is an effective technique for targeting Cobia. Anglers can use live bait or artificial lures and slowly troll them behind the boat. This allows them to cover a larger area and increase their chances of attracting Cobia.

B. Casting Techniques

Casting is another popular technique for Cobia fishing. Anglers can cast their bait or lure near structures or areas where Cobia are likely to be present. They should retrieve the bait or lure in a manner that mimics the natural movement of prey.

C. Bottom Fishing Techniques

Bottom fishing with live bait or cut bait can also be successful for Cobia. Anglers can anchor their boat near structures and drop their bait to the bottom. They should keep a close eye on their line for any signs of a Cobia bite.

VII. Tips and Techniques to Catch Cobia in Virginia

A. Tips for Successful Fishing

To increase their chances of success, anglers should research and gather information about Cobia fishing in Virginia. They should also pay attention to weather conditions, tides, and moon phases, as these factors can affect Cobia behavior.

B. Common Mistakes to Avoid

Anglers should avoid making excessive noise or sudden movements that could scare away Cobia. They should also be patient and persistent, as Cobia can be elusive and require time and effort to catch.

C. Other Important Considerations

It is crucial for anglers to follow all fishing regulations and size limits set by the Virginia Marine Resources Commission. They should also practice catch and release whenever possible to ensure the sustainability of the Cobia population.

In conclusion, Cobia fishing in Virginia offers anglers an exciting and rewarding experience. By understanding the habitat, diet, best fishing spots, ideal months, necessary equipment, and effective techniques, anglers can increase their chances of a successful Cobia fishing trip. It is important to approach Cobia fishing with respect for the environment and adherence to fishing regulations to ensure the preservation of this valuable game fish.

Chickahominy Lake

The Chickahominy Lake is a prominent body of water located in Virginia, known for its diverse range of fish species and recreational activities, cypress trees and thick vegetation in the summer.

I. Overview of Chickahominy Lake

Chickahominy Lake is a man-made water supply reservoir for Newport News Waterworks situated in Charles City County, Virginia. It covers an area of approximately 1,230 acres and is a popular destination for fishing, boating, and other water-based activities. The lake is surrounded by picturesque landscapes, making it an ideal spot for nature enthusiasts and outdoor enthusiasts alike.


II. History

Chickahominy Lake was completed and opened to the public in 1943. Since then, it has become a significant recreational area, attracting both locals and tourists. The lake was created by damming the Chickahominy River, providing a reliable water source for the surrounding communities and serving as a habitat for various fish species."Chickahominy" was the name of the local Native American tribe that initially inhabited the area around The Chickahominy reservoir. Known as “the coarse ground corn people" they lived within the region hundreds of years before the english settled jamestown. They were part of the group that captured Captain John Smith and took him to Wahunsenacawh better as Chief Powhatan the leader of the Powhatan, an alliance of Algonquian-speaking Native Americans living in Tsenacommacah, in the Tidewater region of Virginia.


III. Location

Chickahominy Lake is located in Charles City County, Virginia. It spans an area of 1,230 acres, offering ample space for fishing and boating activities. The average depth of the lake is approximately 10 feet, with a max depth of 25' provides a suitable environment for a diverse range of fish species.


IV. Species Available

Chickahominy Lake is home to a wide variety of fish species, making it a popular destination for anglers. The lake provides an abundance of forage, ensuring the growth and sustenance of various fish populations. Some of the common species found in Chickahominy Lake include largemouth bass, bowfin, catfish, pickerel, and crappie.


V. Records (not official only what author find as of (1/3/2023)

Chickahominy Lake has witnessed several remarkable fishing records over the years. These records serve as a testament to the lake's potential for producing exceptional catches.

 1. Largemouth Bass: 16.37 pounds caught by  Steve Chaconas on April 12, 2005.
 2. Bowfin:  17lbs 8oz  - 11/14/1964
 3. Catfish:  
 4. Pickeral: 
 5. Crappie:


VI. Ramps and Marinas (as of 10/3/2023)

Chickahominy Lake offers convenient access to its waters through various ramps and marinas. These ramps and marinas provide easy entry and exit points for boaters and anglers, ensuring a seamless experience on the lake.

 1. Ed Allen’s Boats and Bait
      1965 Allen Road
      Lanexa, VA 23089
      Phone (804) 966-5368 or Ed Allen’s Campground          (804) 966-2582
       www.edallensboats.com

2. Eagles Landing
      2142 Landing Road
      Providence Forge, VA 23140
      Phone (804) 966-9094
      Email: eagleslandinginc@aol.com
 
Guides
 1.Conway's River
     Rat Guide Service
     (804)746-2475
     www.virginia-outdoors.com/conwaysri
verrat
  

VII. Special Rules or Regulations (as of 10/3/2023)

To maintain the sustainability and preservation of Chickahominy Lake, certain rules and regulations are in place. These regulations aim to protect the fish populations and maintain the overall ecological balance of the lake. Some of the common regulations include catch limits, size restrictions, and specific fishing seasons. It is essential for visitors to familiarize themselves with these rules to ensure responsible fishing practices. (As of 10/3/2023)

• Gasoline-powered motors are allowed (no size restriction).
• Walkers Dam: Only rod and reel and hand lines permitted within 500 yards below dam. It is illegal to snag fish at Walkers Dam.
• Fishing from Walker's Dam is not permitted.

• Striped Bass

           Regulations for anadromous (sea run) striped              bass in the lake are the same as for striped                bass in tidal waters.

            For information on Striped Bass regulations                contact the Virginia Marine Resources                          Commission (VMRC) at 1-800-541-4646.

• Herring

          Walker’s Dam represents the fall line on the                Chickahominy River. In accordance with the                ASMFC moratorium, all river herring must be              released unharmed if caught above or below              the dam.

 Chickahominy Lake is a remarkable body of water in Virginia, offering a diverse range of fish species and recreational opportunities. With its rich history, convenient location, and impressive fishing records, the lake continues to attract anglers and outdoor enthusiasts. By adhering to the special rules and regulations in place, visitors can enjoy a memorable and sustainable experience at Chickahominy Lake.

A Little About Spinnerbaits

History of Spinnerbaits:

Spinnerbaits have a rich history that dates back to the early 1900s. Originally developed as a variation of the traditional spoon lure, spinnerbaits were designed to mimic the movement of small baitfish. Over time, their design and effectiveness have evolved, making them a staple in every angler's tackle box.

Different Designs:

Spinnerbaits come in various designs, each tailored to specific fishing conditions and target species. The two primary components of a spinnerbait are the spinner and the skirt. The spinner consists of a metal blade or blades that rotate when retrieved, creating flash and vibration to attract fish. The skirt, made of silicone or rubber strands, imitates the appearance of a baitfish.

Techniques:

1. Casting and Retrieving: The most common technique for fishing with spinnerbaits involves casting the lure near structures such as weed beds, fallen trees, or rocky areas. After the cast, allow the spinnerbait to sink for a moment before starting a steady retrieve. Vary the speed and depth of the retrieve to find the most effective presentation.

2. Slow-Rolling: This technique is particularly effective for targeting larger predatory fish. Slowly retrieve the spinnerbait just above the bottom, allowing the blades to create a subtle vibration. This method imitates a wounded baitfish, enticing fish to strike.

3. Yo-Yoing: This technique involves lifting and dropping the spinnerbait in a vertical motion. It is effective when fishing in deeper water or around submerged structures. Lift the rod tip to raise the spinnerbait off the bottom, then let it fall back down, imitating a baitfish darting in distress.

Tips and Tricks:

1. Choose the Right Color: Selecting the appropriate color of spinnerbait is crucial. In clear water, opt for natural colors such as silver or white. In murky water, choose brighter colors like chartreuse or firetiger to enhance visibility.

2. Experiment with Blade Types: Different blade types produce varying amounts of flash and vibration. Willow blades create a lot of flash, while Colorado blades produce more vibration. Experiment with different blade combinations to determine what works best for the fishing conditions.

3. Trailer Hooks: Adding a trailer hook to your spinnerbait can significantly increase hook-up ratios, especially when fish are striking short. This small hook attached to the main hook's shank provides an additional point of contact for the fish to get hooked.

Equipment Recommendations:

1. Rod and Reel: A medium to medium-heavy spinning or baitcasting rod paired with a reel with a smooth drag system is ideal for spinnerbait fishing. The rod should have enough backbone to handle larger fish and provide accurate casts.

2. Line Selection: Use monofilament or fluorocarbon lines in the 10-20 lb test range for most spinnerbait applications. These lines offer good sensitivity and allow for better control of the lure.

Campgrounds in Virginia on Major Bodies of Water with Access to Water

I. Campgrounds on the Chesapeake Bay:

- First and foremost, the Chesapeake Bay is a prominent water body in Virginia, offering a wide range of camping opportunities.

- Kiptopeke State Park, located on the Eastern Shore, is a popular campground that provides access to the Chesapeake Bay. Campers can enjoy swimming, fishing, and boating in the bay's calm waters.

- Belle Isle State Park, situated on the Northern Neck, is another campground that offers access to the Chesapeake Bay. Visitors can engage in activities such as kayaking, paddleboarding, and birdwatching.

II. Campgrounds on the James River:

- The James River, one of Virginia's most iconic waterways, is another major body of water that attracts campers.

- James River State Park, located in Buckingham County, offers camping facilities along the river's banks. Campers can enjoy fishing, canoeing, and tubing in the river's gentle currents.

- Powhatan State Park, situated in Powhatan County, is another campground that provides access to the James River. Visitors can partake in activities like swimming, boating, and picnicking along the river's scenic shores.

III. Campgrounds on Smith Mountain Lake:

- Smith Mountain Lake, a large reservoir in southwestern Virginia, is a popular destination for camping and water activities.

- Smith Mountain Lake State Park offers camping facilities near the lake, allowing visitors to enjoy swimming, fishing, and boating. The park also features hiking trails for those seeking a land-based adventure.

- Halesford Harbour RV Park, situated on the lake's shores, provides campers with access to water sports such as jet skiing, wakeboarding, and sailing.

IV. Campgrounds on Lake Anna:

- Lake Anna, located in Louisa and Spotsylvania counties, is another major body of water that offers camping opportunities.

- Lake Anna State Park is a prime campground that provides access to the lake. Campers can engage in activities like swimming, fishing, and water skiing. The park also offers hiking trails and picnic areas for additional recreational options.

- Christopher Run Campground, situated on the lake's shores, offers camping facilities and access to water activities such as boating, kayaking, and paddleboarding.